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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: blanks_flagella, attractants and repellants When the bacterium is exposed to a chemical gradient of an attractant, it tumbles less frequently (has longer runs) as it moves up the gradient, but tumbles at the normal rate if it travels down the gradient. In this way, the net movement is towards a more optimum environment., attractants and repellants When the bacterium is exposed to a chemical gradient of a repellent, it tumbles less frequently (has longer runs) as it moves down the gradient, but tumbles at the normal rate if it travels up the gradient. In this way, the net movement is towards a more optimum environment., role in body defense, flagella structure and composition A basal body consisting of a rod and a series of rings that anchor the flagellum to the cell wall and the cytoplasmic membrane., flagella structure and composition A hook or flexible coupling between the filament and the basal body., types of taxis aerotaxis:, Most bacteria with polar flagella can rotate their flagella both clockwise and counterclockwise. direction of rotation If the flagellum is rotating clockwise, it pulls the bacterium backward., flagella flagellar arrangements lophotrichous: Two or more flagella at one or both poles., Bacteria with peritrichous flagella can rotate their flagella both clockwise and counterclockwise. direction of rotation, types of taxis thermotaxis: a motile response to temperature, Some bacteria with polar flagella can only rotate their flagellum clockwise. direction of rotation, flagella function Organelles of locomotion for most bacteria capable of motility., flagella flagellar arrangements amphitrichous: A single flagellum at both ends of the organism., Bacteria with peritrichous flagella can rotate their flagella both clockwise and counterclockwise. swarmimg motility When bacteria with a peritrichous arrangement grow on a nutrient-rich solid surface, they can exhibit a swarming motility wherein the bacteria elongate, synthesize additional flagella, secrete wetting agents, and move across the surface in coordinated manner., flagella flagellar arrangements peritrichous:, peritrichous flagella Bacteria with peritrichous flagella can rotate their flagella both clockwise and counterclockwise., Organelles of locomotion for most bacteria capable of motility. benefits of motility Motility and chemotaxis probably help some intestinal pathogens to move through the mucous layer so they can attach to the epithelial cells of the mucous membranes. It also enable spirochetes to move through viscous environments and penetrate host cell membranes., Most bacteria with polar flagella can rotate their flagella both clockwise and counterclockwise. direction of rotation, polar flagella Most bacteria with polar flagella can rotate their flagella both clockwise and counterclockwise., types of taxis osmotaxis: a motile response to osmotic pressure
