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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: nucleoid, nucleoid significance to initiating innate immunity Bacterial genomes contain a high frequency of unmethylated cytosine-guanine dinucleotide sequences which are recognized as PAMPS by PRRs on defense cells., DNA is transcribed into RNA by complementary base pairing of RNA nucleotides with DNA nucleotides. types of RNA Transfer RNA (tRNA) inserts amino acids into growing polypeptide and protein chains., The anticodons of tRNAs pair with the codons along the mRNA. H-bonding Adenine pairs with uracil; cytosine pairs with guanine., DNA is transcribed into RNA by complementary base pairing of RNA nucleotides with DNA nucleotides. types of RNA Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) forms ribosomes., nucleoid function DNA determines what polypeptides, proteins, and enzymes an organism can synthesize and, therefore, what chemical reactions it is able to carry out., DNA is transcribed into RNA by complementary base pairing of RNA nucleotides with DNA nucleotides. types of RNA Messenger RNA (mRNA) is translated into polypeptides and proteins., nucleoid composition A long, single molecule of double-stranded, helical, supercoiled DNA., Transfer RNA (tRNA) inserts amino acids into growing polypeptide and protein chains. process Messenger RNA (mRNA) is translated into polypeptides and proteins., Strand separation and complementary base pairing of DNA nucleotides. H-bonding Adenine pairs with thymine; cytosine pairs with guanine., nucleoid replication Enzymes called DNA topoisomerases are essential in the unwinding, replication, and rewinding of the circular, supercoiled bacterial DNA. Also essential in transcription of RNA., nucleoid significance to the control of bacterial growth Sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim block enzymes in the bacterial pathway required for the synthesis of tetrahydrofolic acid, a cofactor needed for bacterial to synthesize nucleotide bases., nucleoid significance to the control of bacterial growth Fluoroquinolones inhibit the DNA topoisomerases needed for bacterial nucleic acid synthesis., nucleoid replication Strand separation and complementary base pairing of DNA nucleotides., nucleoid composition The two strands of the double-stranded DNA typically covalently bond together to form both a physical and genetic circle., nucleoid characteristics No nucleoli., nucleoid characteristics Does not divide by mitosis., DNA determines what polypeptides, proteins, and enzymes an organism can synthesize and, therefore, what chemical reactions it is able to carry out. process DNA is transcribed into RNA by complementary base pairing of RNA nucleotides with DNA nucleotides., nucleoid characteristics The nucleoid is not surrounded by a nuclear membrane., Transfer RNA (tRNA) inserts amino acids into growing polypeptide and protein chains. process The anticodons of tRNAs pair with the codons along the mRNA.
