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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: Answers_type II toxins, Leukocidin results Causes lysis of white blood cells, Causes the respiratory cell damage during whooping cough produced by Bordetella pertussis, Streptolysin S, streptolysin O, proteases, DNases, and streptokinase results Lysis of RBCs, lyse cells containing cholesterol, degrade cellular proteins, degrade cellular DNA, breakdown fibrin clots,, Damaged host cells release damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that bind to pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) causing the release of inflammatory cytokines. examples Streptolysin S, streptolysin O, proteases, DNases, and streptokinase, Toxins that lead to cell lysis and tissue damage in the host produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Damaged host cells release damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that bind to pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) causing the release of inflammatory cytokines. examples Exotoxin U, phospholipase C, alkaline protease, cytotoxin, elastase, and pyocyanin, Damaged host cells release damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that bind to pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) causing the release of inflammatory cytokines. examples Leukocidin, Causes lysis of white blood cells produced by Staphylococcus aureus; Streptococcus pyogenes, Bordetella pertussis disease pertussis (whooping cough), Type II Toxins (Toxins that Damage Host Cell Membranes) defense against toxins Antibodies bind to the toxin or enzyme before the toxin or enzyme can bind to the receptors on the host cell membrane, Damaged host cells release damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that bind to pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) causing the release of inflammatory cytokines. significance Can further contribute to tissue damage, Bordetella tracheal cytotoxin results Causes the respiratory cell damage during whooping cough, Alpha, kappa,mu, and epsilon toxin; gas from fermentation results Producing expanding zones of dead tissue (necrosis) surrounding the bacteria, Type II Toxins (Toxins that Damage Host Cell Membranes) description Typically phospholipases or pore-forming cytotoxins that disrupt the integrity of eukaryotic cell membranes, Damaged host cells release damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that bind to pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) causing the release of inflammatory cytokines. examples Bordetella tracheal cytotoxin, Exotoxin U, phospholipase C, alkaline protease, cytotoxin, elastase, and pyocyanin results Toxins that lead to cell lysis and tissue damage in the host, Damaged host cells release damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that bind to pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) causing the release of inflammatory cytokines. examples Alpha, kappa,mu, and epsilon toxin; gas from fermentation, Lysis of RBCs, lyse cells containing cholesterol, degrade cellular proteins, degrade cellular DNA, breakdown fibrin clots, produced by Streptococcus pyogenes, Typically phospholipases or pore-forming cytotoxins that disrupt the integrity of eukaryotic cell membranes damaged host cells Damaged host cells release damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that bind to pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) causing the release of inflammatory cytokines., Producing expanding zones of dead tissue (necrosis) surrounding the bacteria produced by Clostridium perfringens
