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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: Answers_PRRs, Bind specifically to conserved portions of PAMPs and DAMPs DAMPs Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns, signaling pattern-recognition receptors locations of signaling PRRs secreted signaling PRRs found in plasma and tissue fluid, signaling PRRs found in the membranes of endosomes (phagolysosomes) examples TLR-9, promote the attachment of microorganisms to phagocytes examples opsonin receptors, signaling PRRs found in the membranes of endosomes (phagolysosomes) examples TLR-7 and TLR-8, inflammatory cytokines examples tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), CD4 function promotes the ability of TLR-4 to respond to LPS, soluble molecules produced as a part of the body's immune defenses that bind microbes to phagocytes examples mannose-binding lectin, signaling pattern-recognition receptors locations of signaling PRRs signaling PRRs found on cell surfaces, endocytic pattern-recognition receptors location found on the surface of phagocytic cells, Bind specifically to conserved portions of PAMPs and DAMPs PAMPs Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns, Pattern-Recognition Receptors (PRRs) examples of cells with PRRs mucosal epithelial cells, TLR-3 binds to double-stranded viral RNA, signaling PRRs found on cell surfaces general function stimulate the transcription and translation of inflammatory cytokines, signaling pattern-recognition receptors promotes the production of chemotactic factors such as the chemokines, TLR-2 binds to peptidoglycan, bacterial lipoproteins, lipoteichoic acid, and porins, TLR-4 binds to lipopolysaccharide, fungal mannans, viral envelope proteins, parasitic phospholipids, heat-shock proteins, carbohydrates on bacteria, yeast, some viruses, and some parasites benefit activates the lectin complement pathway, mannan-binding lectin binds to carbohydrates on bacteria, yeast, some viruses, and some parasites, promote the attachment of microorganisms to phagocytes examples mannose receptors
