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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: Answers_ abydiversity, Each B-lymphocyte becomes genetically programmed to produce an antibody functioning as a B-cell receptor (BCR) having a unique shaped Fab. process Various different genes along a chromosome are cut out of one location and joined with other genes along the chromosome., Through random gene translocation, any combination of the multiple forms of each gene can join together. receptor editing Immature B-lymphocytes with self-reactive B-cell receptors may be stimulated to undergo a new gene rearrangement to make a new receptor that is no longer self-reactive., Through random gene translocation, any combination of the multiple forms of each gene can join together. negative selection B-lymphocytes that bind substances in the bone marrow are recognizing "self epitopes" and are eliminated by apoptosis, a programmed cell suicide., Through random gene translocation, any combination of the multiple forms of each gene can join together. junctional diversity Specialized enzymes in the B-lymphocyte cause splicing inaccuracies wherein additional nucleotides are added or deleted at the various gene junctions., Somatic hypermutation creates a great opportunity for selection of variant B-lymphocytes with even better fitting antigen-binding sites that fit the epitope more precisely. results Each B-lymphocyte will typically carry out a unique series of gene translocations and be able to produce an antibody with a unique shaped epitope-binding site., Specialized enzymes in the B-lymphocyte cause splicing inaccuracies wherein additional nucleotides are added or deleted at the various gene junctions. affinity maturation Somatic hypermutation creates a great opportunity for selection of variant B-lymphocytes with even better fitting antigen-binding sites that fit the epitope more precisely., Each B-lymphocyte becomes genetically programmed to produce an antibody functioning as a B-cell receptor (BCR) having a unique shaped Fab. light chain of Fab consists of either a kappa chain or a lambda chain coded for by a combination of 2 genes, VL (variable light) and JL (joining light), Each B-lymphocyte becomes genetically programmed to produce an antibody functioning as a B-cell receptor (BCR) having a unique shaped Fab. heavy chain of Fab coded for by a combination of 3 genes, called VH (variable heavy), DH (diversity heavy), and JH (joining heavy), Both B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes have evolved a unique system of gene-splicing called gene translocation. B-lymphocytes Each B-lymphocyte becomes genetically programmed to produce an antibody functioning as a B-cell receptor (BCR) having a unique shaped Fab., Various different genes along a chromosome are cut out of one location and joined with other genes along the chromosome. process The DNA of each B-lymphocyte there are multiple forms of each one of these variable determinant genes., The DNA of each B-lymphocyte there are multiple forms of each one of these variable determinant genes. process Through random gene translocation, any combination of the multiple forms of each gene can join together., Generation of Antibody Diversity combinatorial diversity through gene translocation Both B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes have evolved a unique system of gene-splicing called gene translocation.
