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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: Answers_GN_Bacterial_Cell_Wall, Proteins and polysaccharides in Gram-negative cell walls function as antigens and initiate adaptive immunity. antigen A substance that reacts with antibody molecules and antigen receptors on lymphocytes., invasins function invade host cells, innate immunity examples phagocytosis, outer membrane composition lipopolysaccharide (LPS), The production of antibody molecules in response to an antigen. opsonization Antibodies made against cell wall antigens can stick bacteria to phagocytes., porins function entry or exclusion of molecules, Gram-negative cell wall composition outer membrane, surface proteins functions adhesins, adhesins function attach to host cell, innate immunity examples inflammation, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) function adds strength to cell wall, outer membrane composition phospholipids, innate immunity examples fever, surface proteins functions enzymes, pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) on defense cells synthesize and secrete cytokines, Gram-negative cell wall composition 2-3 layers of peptidoglycan, Gram-negative cell wall appearance stains pink with Gram stain procedure, pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) bind to pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) on defense cells, The production of antibody molecules in response to an antigen. block attachment Antibodies made against cell wall adhesins can prevent bacteria from adhering to host cells., Proteins and polysaccharides in Gram-negative cell walls function as antigens and initiate adaptive immunity. epitope The actual portions or fragments of an antigen that react with receptors on B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes, as well as with free antibody molecules.
