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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: Answers_Internal_Structures, ribosomes function Serve as a workbench for protein synthesis - (they receive and translate genetic instructions for the formation of specific proteins.), Under conditions of starvation, especially the lack of carbon and nitrogen sources, a single endospores form within some of the bacteria. The process is called sporulation. composition Consists of multiple layers of resistant coats (including a cortex, a spore coat, and sometimes an exosporium) surrounding a nucleoid, some ribosomes, RNA molecules, and enzymes., nucleoid characteristics The nucleoid is not surrounded by a nuclear membrane., Dormant alternate life forms produced by the genus Bacillus, the genus Clostridium, and several other genera of bacteria. Clostridium Obligate anaerobes often found as normal flora of the gastrointestinal tract in animals., ribosomes significance to control of bacterial growth Many antibiotics alter bacterial ribosomes, interfering with translation and thereby causing faulty protein synthesis., endospores nature Dormant alternate life forms produced by the genus Bacillus, the genus Clostridium, and several other genera of bacteria., Although harmless themselves until they germinate, they are involved in the transmission of some diseases to humans. examples tetanus, botulism, gas gangrene, anthrax, Structures Located Within the Cytoplasm structures Plasmids and Transposons, Function as a resistant, dormant survival form of the organism. benefit to bacterium Resistant to high temperatures (including boiling), antibiotics, most disinfectants, low energy radiation, drying, etc., nucleoid composition A long, single molecule of double-stranded, helical, supercoiled DNA., Very important in horizontal gene transfer in bacteria. horizontal gene transfer A process in which an organism transfers genetic material to another cell that is not its offspring., Dormant alternate life forms produced by the genus Bacillus, the genus Clostridium, and several other genera of bacteria. formation Under conditions of starvation, especially the lack of carbon and nitrogen sources, a single endospores form within some of the bacteria. The process is called sporulation., Consists of multiple layers of resistant coats (including a cortex, a spore coat, and sometimes an exosporium) surrounding a nucleoid, some ribosomes, RNA molecules, and enzymes. germination Although harmless themselves until they germinate, they are involved in the transmission of some diseases to humans., Codes for the synthesis of a few proteins not coded for by the nucleoid. benefit to bacterium Can provide a selective advantage under certain environmental conditions., nucleoid significance to control of bacterial growth Fluroquinolones inhibit DNA topoisomerase enzymes needed for bacterial nucleic acid synthesis., plasmids function Codes for the synthesis of a few proteins not coded for by the nucleoid., Transposons elements or "jumping genes" are small pieces of DNA that contain a number of genes coding for antibiotic resistance or other traits, flanked at both ends by insertion sequences coding for an enzyme called transpoase. benefit to bacterium Very important in horizontal gene transfer in bacteria., Structures Located Within the Cytoplasm structure ribosomes, endospores function Function as a resistant, dormant survival form of the organism., plasmids characteristics Not essential for normal bacterial growth and bacteria may lose or gain them without harm.
