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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: Answers_glycocalyx, The process where pathogen-associated molecular patterns or PAMPs - common molecules such as peptidoglycan, teichoic acids, lipopolysaccharide,and mannans, common in microbial cell walls but not found on human cells - bind to endocytic pattern- recognition receptors on the surface of the phagocytes. benefit to bacterium Prevents phagocytes from ingesting bacteria., Layers of bacterial populations adhering to host cells and embedded in a common capsular mass. benefits to bacteria in the body Biofilms enable bacteria to resist phagocytosis and attack by the body's complement pathways., glycocalyx (capsules, slime layers, and biofilms) description An outer viscous covering of fibers extending from the bacterium., An outer viscous covering of fibers extending from the bacterium. biofilm Many bacteria secrete a polysaccharide matrix to form a biofilm., Layers of bacterial populations adhering to host cells and embedded in a common capsular mass. benefits to bacteria in the body Bacteria in biofilms are more resistant to attack by antibiotics., Polysaccharides in bacterial capsules function as antigens and initiate adaptive immunity. humoral immunity The production of antibody molecules in response to an antigen., May resist unenhanced attachment by phagocytes. unenhanced attachment The process where pathogen-associated molecular patterns or PAMPs - common molecules such as peptidoglycan, teichoic acids, lipopolysaccharide,and mannans, common in microbial cell walls but not found on human cells - bind to endocytic pattern- recognition receptors on the surface of the phagocytes., glycocalyx (capsules, slime layers, and biofilms) chemical makeup Usually a viscous polysaccharide or polypeptide slime., Polysaccharides in bacterial capsules function as antigens and initiate adaptive immunity. epitope The actual portions or fragments of an antigen that react with receptors on B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes, as well as with free antibody molecules., Polysaccharides in bacterial capsules function as antigens and initiate adaptive immunity. antigen A substance that reacts with antibody molecules and antigen receptors on lymphocytes., Many bacteria secrete a polysaccharide matrix to form a biofilm. biofilm Layers of bacterial populations adhering to host cells and embedded in a common capsular mass., Layers of bacterial populations adhering to host cells and embedded in a common capsular mass. benefits to bacteria in the body Biofilms enable bacteria to live in close association and communicate with other bacteria in the biofilm through quorum sensing., An outer viscous covering of fibers extending from the bacterium. slime layer Appears as an unorganized, more loosely attached accumulation of gelatinous material., Appears as an extensive, tightly bound accumulation of gelatinous material adhering to the cell wall. functions Enables certain bacteria to resist phagocytic engulfment by white blood cells in the body or protozoans in soil and water., Layers of bacterial populations adhering to host cells and embedded in a common capsular mass. description Biofilms are functional, interacting, and growing bacterial communities. Biofilms even contain their own water channels for delivering water and nutrients throughout the biofilm community., The production of antibody molecules in response to an antigen. opsonization Antibodies made against bacterial capsules can stick bacteria to phagocytes., Layers of bacterial populations adhering to host cells and embedded in a common capsular mass. benefits to bacteria in the body Biofilms trap nutrients for bacterial growth and enable bacteria to remain in a favorable environment., Layers of bacterial populations adhering to host cells and embedded in a common capsular mass. benefits to bacteria in the body Biofilms adhere to environmental surfaces and resist flushing, Appears as an extensive, tightly bound accumulation of gelatinous material adhering to the cell wall. functions Enables some bacteria to adhere to environmental surfaces, colonize, and resist flushing., An outer viscous covering of fibers extending from the bacterium. capsule Appears as an extensive, tightly bound accumulation of gelatinous material adhering to the cell wall.
