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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: Answers_type I toxins, Toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) produced by Staphylococcus aureus, Superantigens are unusual bacterial toxins that interact with and activate exceedingly large numbers of T4-lymphocytes. conventional antigen Are engulfed by antigen presenting cells (APCs), degraded into epitopes, bind to the peptide groove of MHC-II molecules, and are put on the surface of the APC. Here they are recognized by specific T4-lymphocytes having a T-cell receptor (TCR) with a corresponding shape., Production of other cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 (IL-1), inflammatory chemokines such as IL-8, and platelet-activating factor (PAF) examples Streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin (Spe), ETEC enterotoxin produced by enterotoxogenic Escherichia cili (ETEC), Are engulfed by antigen presenting cells (APCs), degraded into epitopes, bind to the peptide groove of MHC-II molecules, and are put on the surface of the APC. Here they are recognized by specific T4-lymphocytes having a T-cell receptor (TCR) with a corresponding shape. results The APC activates the T4-lymphocyte with a corresponding T-cell receptor., Production of other cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 (IL-1), inflammatory chemokines such as IL-8, and platelet-activating factor (PAF) examples ETEC enterotoxin, Streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin (Spe) produced by Streptococcus pyogenes, Superantigens are unusual bacterial toxins that interact with and activate exceedingly large numbers of T4-lymphocytes. superantigen Bind directly to the outside of MHC-II molecules and activate large numbers of T4-lymphocytes, Production of other cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 (IL-1), inflammatory chemokines such as IL-8, and platelet-activating factor (PAF) examples Toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1), Bind directly to the outside of MHC-II molecules and activate large numbers of T4-lymphocytes results Activate as many as 1 in 5 T-lymphocytes, Staphylococcus aureus can lead to systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), Staphylococcus aureus can lead to Streptococcus pyogenes, Type I toxins (superantigens) description Superantigens are unusual bacterial toxins that interact with and activate exceedingly large numbers of T4-lymphocytes., Bind directly to the outside of MHC-II molecules and activate large numbers of T4-lymphocytes results Secretion of excessive amounts of the cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2) as well as the activation of self-reactive T-lymphocytes, Are engulfed by antigen presenting cells (APCs), degraded into epitopes, bind to the peptide groove of MHC-II molecules, and are put on the surface of the APC. Here they are recognized by specific T4-lymphocytes having a T-cell receptor (TCR) with a corresponding shape. results Normally results in the activation of maybe 1 in 10,000 T-lymphcytes., Secretion of excessive amounts of the cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2) as well as the activation of self-reactive T-lymphocytes leads to Production of other cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 (IL-1), inflammatory chemokines such as IL-8, and platelet-activating factor (PAF)
