WARNING:
JavaScript is turned OFF. None of the links on this concept map will
work until it is reactivated.
If you need help turning JavaScript On, click here.
This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: Answers_Clonal_Memory, During humoral immunity, numerous circulating B-memory cells and T4-memory cells capable of anamnestic response or memory develop. future antigen exposure A subsequent exposure to that same antigen results in: 1. A more rapid production of antibodies. 2. Antibodies are produced in greater amounts. 3. Antibodies are produced for a longer period of time., A subsequent exposure to that same antigen results in: 1. A more rapid production of antibodies. 2. Antibodies are produced in greater amounts. 3. Antibodies are produced for a longer period of time. secondary response to antigen The secondary anamnestic response peaks in only 1 - 3 days, As a result of somatic hypermutations, the B-lymphocytes are able to "fine-tune" the shape of the antibody for better fit with the original epitope. B-lymphocytes having better fitting B-cell receptor on their surface bind epitope longer and more tightly allowing these cells to selectively replicate. B-cell Differentiation Eventually these variant B-lymphocytes differentiate into plasma cells that synthesize and secrete vast quantities of antibodies that have Fab sites which fit the original epitope very precisely, A subsequent exposure to that same antigen results in: 1. A more rapid production of antibodies. 2. Antibodies are produced in greater amounts. 3. Antibodies are produced for a longer period of time. primary response to antigen The primary response to a new antigen generally peaks at 5 - 10 days., During humoral immunity, numerous circulating B-memory cells and T4-memory cells capable of anamnestic response or memory develop. ???? In the case of systemic infections and most vaccinations, many of the plasma cells migrate to the bone marrow where they may continue to secrete antibodies for months or years, During humoral immunity, numerous circulating B-memory cells and T4-memory cells capable of anamnestic response or memory develop. ???? Plasma cells produced in the mucous membranes generally remain in the mucous membranes and secrete antibodies for only around a year., When an antigen encounters the immune system, its epitopes eventually will react only with B-lymphocytes with B-cell receptors on their surface that more or less fit and this activates those B-lymphocytes. This process is known as clonal selection. Clonal Expansion Cytokines produced by effector T4-helper lymphocytes enable these activated B-lymphocytes to rapidly proliferate to produce large clones of thousands of identical B-lymphocytes. This process is known as clonal expansion., CLONAL SELECTION, CLONAL EXPANSION, AND ANAMNESTIC RESPONSE Clonal Selection Each B-lymphocyte becomes genetically programmed to make an antibody with a unique antigen-binding site (Fab) through a series of gene translocations, and molecules of that antibody are put on its surface to function as B-cell receptors., Cytokines produced by effector T4-helper lymphocytes enable these activated B-lymphocytes to rapidly proliferate to produce large clones of thousands of identical B-lymphocytes. This process is known as clonal expansion. Affinity Maturation As a result of somatic hypermutations, the B-lymphocytes are able to "fine-tune" the shape of the antibody for better fit with the original epitope. B-lymphocytes having better fitting B-cell receptor on their surface bind epitope longer and more tightly allowing these cells to selectively replicate., Each B-lymphocyte becomes genetically programmed to make an antibody with a unique antigen-binding site (Fab) through a series of gene translocations, and molecules of that antibody are put on its surface to function as B-cell receptors. antigen encounter When an antigen encounters the immune system, its epitopes eventually will react only with B-lymphocytes with B-cell receptors on their surface that more or less fit and this activates those B-lymphocytes. This process is known as clonal selection., Eventually these variant B-lymphocytes differentiate into plasma cells that synthesize and secrete vast quantities of antibodies that have Fab sites which fit the original epitope very precisely Anamnestic Response (Memory) During humoral immunity, numerous circulating B-memory cells and T4-memory cells capable of anamnestic response or memory develop.
