Objectives for Bacterial Pathogenesis: Factors that Damage the Host - Triggering the Secretion of Inflammatory Cytokines

Learning Objectives for "Bacterial Pathogenesis: Factors that Damage the Host"
a. Produce Cell Wall Components (PAMPs) that Bind to Host Cells causing them to Synthesize and Secrete Inflammatory Cytokines and Chemokines

After completing this section you should be able to perform the following objectives.

1. Define cytokine and chemokine and name 3 inflammatory cytokines.

2. State the mechanism behind inflammation and state why it is primarily beneficial to the body.

3. Briefly describe why inflammation during a minor or moderate infection is essentially beneficial while inflammation during a massive infection can cause considerable damage to the body.

4.**Looking at the overall mechanism behind septic shock, answer the following:

1. Describe how bacterial PAMPS initiate SIRS.

2. Define hypotension and describe the biological mechanism behind 2 factors that contribute to hypotension.

3. Define hypovolemia and describe the biological mechanism behind 3 factors that contribute to hypovolemia.

4. Define hypoperfusion and describe the biological mechanism behind 3 factors that contribute to hypoperfusion.

5. Describe the biological mechanism behind ARDS and how ARDS contributes to hypoperfusion.

6. Describe the sequence of events that enables hypoperfusion to lead to irreversible cell damage.

5. Define the following:

A. vasodilation
B. septicemia
C. hypotension
D. hypovolemia
E. septic shock
F. DIC
G. ARDS
H. MOSF
I. hypoperfusion

Think-Pair-Share Question

Looking at the overall mechanism for PAMP/PRR/cytokine-induced SIRS as illustrated in your SIRS concept map, answer the following:

1. Define hypotension and describe biological mechanism behind 2 factors that contribute to hypotension.
2. Define hypovolemia and describe biological mechanism behind 3 factors that contribute to hypovolemia.
3. Define hypoperfusion and describe biological mechanism behind 3 factors that contribute to hypoperfusion.
4. Describe biological mechanism behind ARDS and how ARDS contributes to hypoperfusion.
5. Describe the sequence of events that enables hypoperfusion to lead to irreversible cell damage.
6. What is end-organ ischemia?

(*) or (**) = possible discussion question

RETURN TO "BACTERIAL PATHOGENESIS: FACTORS THAT DAMAGE THE HOST - PRODUCE CELL WALL COMPONENTS THAT BIND TO HOST CELLS CAUSING THEM TO SYNTHESIZE AND SECRETE INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES AND CHEMOKINES"