Self Quiz for the Polypeptide and Protein Synthesis: Transcription

Study the material in this section and then write out the answers to these question.
Do not just click on the answers and write them out. This will not test your understanding of this tutorial.

1. Define transcription. (ans)

2. Match the following with their role in transcription.

_____ The end of a strand of nucleic acid that has a hydroxyl (OH) group on the number 3 carbon of the deoxyribose or ribose and is not linked to another nucleotide. (ans)
_____ The covalent bond that links ribonucleotides together to form RNA. (ans)
_____ The portion of DNA that contains the actual message for protein synthesis. (ans)
_____ A molecule synthesized by complementary base pairing of ribonucleotides with deoxyribonucleotides to match a portion of one strand of DNA coding for a polypeptide or protein. (ans)
_____ A series of three consecutive mRNA bases coding for one specific amino acid. (ans)
_____ A segment of DNA that determines what region of the DNA and which strand of DNA will be transcribed into RNA. (ans)
_____ The enzyme that initiates transcription, joins the RNA nucleotides together, and terminates transcription. (ans)
_____ A "stop" signal at the end of a gene that causes the completed mRNA to drop off the gene. (ans)

a. mRNA
b. 3' end
c. 5' end
d. RNA polymerase
e. phosphodiester bond
f. promoter
g. leader sequence
h. coding sequence
i. transcription terminator
j. codon

3. Match the following with their role in transcription in eukaryotic cells.

_____ The RNA synthesized after RNA polymerase copies both the exons and the interons of a gene. (ans)
_____ The RNA produced after non-protein coding regions (introns) are excised and coding regions (exons) are joined together by complexes of ribonucleoproteins called spliceosomes. (ans)
_____ An unusual nucleotide, 7-methylguanylate, that is added to the 5' end of the pre-mRNA early in transcription. It helps ribosomes attach for translation. (ans)
_____ Non-protein coding regions of DNA that are not part of the code for the final protein that are interspersed among the coding regions of DNA in most genes of higher eukaryotic cells. (ans)
_____ The coding regions of DNA in most genes of higher eukaryotic cells that actually code for the final protein. (ans)
_____ A series of 100-250 adenine ribonucleotides that is added to the 3' end of the pre-mRNA. This series of nucleotides is thought to help transport the mRNA out of the nucleus and may stabilize the mRNA against degradation in the cytoplasm. (ans)

a. introns
b. exons
c. precurser mRNA
d. cap
e. poly-A tail
f. mature mRNA

4. What amino acid sequence would the DNA base sequence 5' ATAGCCACC 3'code for? Hint: see Fig. 8. (ans)

 

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