BIOL 230 MICROBIOLOGY LECTURE E-TEXT UNIT 6

MICROBIOLOGY LEARNING OBJECTS

UNIT 6

ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY

 

I. Introduction

A. Overview of Immunity; Antigens and Epitopes

1. An Overview of Innate and Adaptive Immunity

2. Antigens and Epitopes

B. Major Cells and Key Cell Surface Molecules Involved in Adaptive Immune Responses

1. MHC Molecules

2. Antigen-Presenting Cells (APCs)

3. T4-Lymphocytes (T4-Cells)

4. T8-Lymphocytes (T8-Cells)

5. Invarient Natural Killer T-Lymphocytes (iNKT Cells)

6. B-Lymphocytes (B-Cells)

7. Natural Killer Cells (NK Cells)

C. The Lymphoid System

D. An Overview of the Steps Involved in Adaptive Immune Responses

II. Humoral Immunity

A. Antibodies (Immunoglobulins)

1. An Overview

2. Antibody Structure

3. The 5 Classes (Isotypes) of Human Antibodies

4. Generation of Antibody Diversity

5. Clonal Selection and Clonal Expansion

6. Anamnestic (Memory) Response

B. Ways That Antibodies Help to Defend the Body

An Overview

1. Opsonization

2. Cytolysis by the Membrane Attack Complex (MAC)

3. Antibody-dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity (ADCC) by NK Cells

4. Neutralization of Exotoxins

5. Neutralization of Viruses

6. Preventing Bacterial Adherence

7. Agglutination of Microorganisms

8. Immobilization of Bacteria and Protozoans

9. Promoting an Inflammatory Response

C. Naturally and Artificially Acquired Active and Passive Immunity

1. Naturally Acquired Immunity

2. Artificially Acquired Immunity

2. Nucleic Acid Vaccines for SARS-CoV-2

III. Cell-Mediated Immunity

A. Cell-Mediated Immunity: An Overview

B. Ways That Cell-Mediated Immunity Help to Defend the Body

1. Activating Antigen-Specific Cytotoxic T- Lymphocytes (CTLs)

2. Activating Macrophages and NK Cells

3. Stimulating Cells to Secrete Cytokines

IV. Immunodeficiency

A. Primary Immunodeficiency

B. Secondary Immunodeficiency

V. Hypersensitivities

A. An Overview

B. Immediate Hypersensitivities

1. Type I

2. Type II

3. Type III

4. Type V

C. Delayed Hypersensitivities (Type IV)

D. Superantigens

Back to Doc Kaiser's Microbiology Website.

Gary E. Kaiser, Ph.D.
Professor of Microbiology
The Community College of Baltimore County, Catonsville Campus
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Based on a work The Grapes of Staph at https://cwoer.ccbcmd.edu/science/microbiology/index_gos.html.